The Story of Hiiraan Online and the History of Somalia

Hiiraan Online

Introduction

Hiiraan Online was one of the most popular news and information sites about Somalia and the Horn of Africa in 2012. Many have described it as the most visited site globally on the Somali site. It has stood published in English and Somali as the primary source of Somali news and work.

Hiiraan Online stood founded on July 1, 1999, in Ottawa, Canada. The founder of Somali Airlines and Ahmed Gure, the former captain of the airline, has launched a website to serve the growing Somali diaspora.

About the Hiiraan Online

The network hosts an external network of popular daily services on BBC Somali and VOA Somali. The website publishes articles, opinions, and political analyses that remain among the most critical and trusted in the Somali media. Hiiraan Online may remain regularly quoted by scholars, books, and international media. The site also hosts job postings for international agencies, government agencies, and NGOs.

Hiran borders the Somali region of Ethiopia (or 1908 Convention Line) to the northwest, the Somali regions of Galgadud to the northeast, Middle Shabelle (Middle Shabelle) to the south, and Lower Shabelle (Lower Shabelle). Southwest. and Bay and Bakool to the west. The Shabelle River flows through Hiran from Ethiopia and flows through Beledweyne, the capital of the Hiran region. It has about 90,000 km2.

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The News Portal of Somali

Hiiraan Online is a news website in Somalia. It provides news and information on various topics such as politics, international affairs, sports, agriculture, and more. Also, it gives a unique opinion piece on the platform. Take advantage of local ads and exhibitions.

Somalia is the East African country in the Horn of Africa. It extends from the northeast to the Gulf of Aden and occupies an important political position between sub-Saharan Africa and the Arab and Southwest Asian countries. The capital city of Mogadishu remains located north of the Indian Ocean.

Somalia is a country with geographical boundaries. Except for the mountainous coastal areas of the north and several high valleys, much of the country is flat, with few natural barriers limiting nomads’ movement and livestock. The weather remains mostly dry and hot, with desert land and farmland in Savannah, and the Somali people have developed similar economic security strategies. Somalis are tribal Muslim people, and one-third follow a wandering way of life, either by nomadic Farmer.

The History of Somalia

The Somali Republic was founded in 1960 by the Italian federation and the British protectorate. Mohamed Siad Barre ruled the country from October 1969 to January 1991, when it stood overthrown in a blood-spattered civil war waged by clan-based militias. After Siyad’s ouster, the war continued, and the country lacked a viable central government, a crisis that lasted until the 21st century. In addition, a formal government was declared the independent republic of Somaliland in the north in 1991. Similarly, in 1998 the self-declared state of Puntland (Puntland State of Somalia) stood reported in the northeast.

Land

The Gulf of Aden abuts Somalia to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, Kenya and Ethiopia to the west, and Djibouti to the northwest. The colonialists deliberately decided on the western border of Somalia, and it divided the cultural lands of the Somali people. As a result, Somali communities remain in Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Kenya, and the border remains controversial.

Civil war has destroyed Somalia’s economy and divided the country into areas under different administrations. When Somalia’s interim administration handed over power to a new government in 2012, the newly declared Federal Republic of Somalia had only control of the country. However, there was hope that the new government would create a new era of peace, with Somalis focusing on rebuilding their country.

Relief

The Somali peninsula consists mainly of a plateau of young limestone and sandstone formations. In the far north, along the Gulf of Aden, there is a narrow coastal plain called the Guban, which widens to the north towards the port of Berbera. It gives way to a maritime mountain range with a steep escarpment facing north.

The broad raised ground of the Galgodon (or Ogo) Hilltop and the Sool and Hawd regions are to the south, which gradually slopes south towards the Indian Ocean. The Adjoining Ceerigaabo (Erigavo), Surud Cad’s mountain scopes the highest elevation in the country, some 7,900 feet (2,408 meters).

Drainage

Outside Somali territory, it remains divided by deep valleys. From the northeast, the valleys of Tharoor and Nugaal (Walnut); Both are seasonal roads with rivers flowing into the Indian Ocean at Hafun and Eyl, respectively. The only permanent rivers in Somalia to the southwest are Juba and Shabelle (Shebeli). Hailing from the highlands of Ethiopia, these two streams penetrate deep into the abyss before moving further into the highlands toward the coast. While Jubba flows directly north of Kismayo into the Indian Ocean, the Shabelle immediately shifts southwest to north Mogadishu and pours enormous mud before reaching Jubba.

Soils

Soil types vary depending on the climate and the parent rock. The arid regions of northeastern Somalia have mostly thin, barren desert soil. The limestone plateau in the interfluvial area has a dark grey to fertile brown soil in calcareous soils, providing favourable conditions for rain gardens. The most fertile soil remains found in the flooded areas of the Juba and Shabelle rivers. These deep vectors remain covered with black soil from decomposed bone rocks called “black cotton soil” (because cotton remains often extracted). This soil has a high water repellent capacity and remains used chiefly for irrigation farms.

Climate

Somalia is on the equator, but unlike the average climate of this region, the conditions in Somalia range from northeastern and central regions to northwestern and arid south.

The climatic year consists of four seasons. Spring, or the primary rainy season, runs from April to June; The second rainy season, called autumn, runs from October to December. Each remains followed by a dry season: the most extensive winter from December to March and the second (summer) from June to September. In the second winter, rains fall in the coastal area.

Plant and Animal Life

Commiphora grows in the border areas of southern and central Somalia. According to the distribution of rainfall, south and northwestern Somalia has thorny terrain in the savannah forest, with a variety of succulents and acacia. In contrast, the highlands of northern Somalia have extensive grassy plains, mostly lowlands with thorny forests and abundant grasslands throughout the rest of the region. On the other hand, Northeastern Somalia and much of the northern coast are virtually uninhabited. Exceptions are the protected areas and the wetlands of the north coastal mountains, where the incense plant (Boswellia) grows.

Due to improper land use, the original trees, especially in northern Somalia, have been severely degraded and, in many places, destroyed. This continued destruction of plant life has also deteriorated the livestock environment and eating habits, affecting Somalia’s vast resources, its livestock (primarily goats, sheep, camels and cattle), and wildlife and wildlife. There are still many wildlife species throughout the country, especially in the far south: hyenas, foxes, tigers, lions, ostriches, ostriches, buffalo, and very diverse birds. Unfortunately, giraffes, zebras, oryxes, hippos, rhinos, and elephants are extinct (especially ivory hunters). Steps have stood taken to protect endangered species by creating nature reserves and national parks, although these areas have stood neglected since the collapse of the central government in 1991.

Languages

The Somali language has its place in the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Despite various regional dialects, it is understood throughout the country and is an official language. The second official language is Arabic, spoken mainly in northern Somalia and coastal cities. Due to Somalia’s colonial past, many people are fluent in English and Italian, which, in addition to Somali, are used in the country’s colleges and universities. Swahili remains also spoken in the south. In 1973, Somalia took on an official orthography based on the Latin alphabet. In anticipation of then, Somali had been an unwritten language.

Religion

All Somalis belong to the Shafi’i cult of Sunni Islam. Several orders of Muslims (Tariqa) are important, especially Qādiriyyah, Ahmadiyyah, and Salihiya.

Settlement Patterns

About two-thirds of the Somali population live permanently in settled communities; the other three-fifths are nomadic pastoralists or agro-pastoralists. The settlers mostly live in temperate and scenic regions of southern and northwestern Somalia, where rainfall and irrigation are possible in rivers. Their settlements consist of large villages concentrated near the rivers and in the middle of the stream and smaller villages farther away. People remain also concentrated in the former coastal trading centres, such as Kismayo, Brava, Marca, Mogadishu, Berbera and Bossaso (Bossaso).

Economy of Somalia

About a third of Somalia’s economy remains based on agriculture; however, the most important economic activity is not agriculture but livestock. Between 1969 and the early 1980s, the military government of Mohamed Siad Barre introduced a system of “scientific socialism” characterized by the nationalization of banks, insurance companies, oil companies and large industrial corporations; building state-owned companies, farms and businesses; and organizing government-run cooperatives. In conclusion, this experiment has severely weakened the Somali economy. Since the collapse of the military government, the economy has suffered another setback due to the civil war. At the foundation of the 21st century, the country was still one of the poorest in the world, with the largest source of foreign aid, remittances and informal sectors.

Resources and Power

Somalia’s most valuable resource is grazing land in most parts of the country. Somalia has very few mineral resources. There are only reserves of tin, phosphorus, gypsum, guano, coal, iron and uranium, both quantity and quality are very low. And the minerals make it valuable. However, sepiolite, or foam, in south-central Somalia is one of the largest known reserves in the world. Natural gas reserves were found but not exploited. Sea salt remains stood collected at various coastal locations.

Conclusion

Another position against dictatorship against the slaughter of innocent people. May the streets of our cities and towns be filled with thousands of peaceful marches and calls for change. Seven days a week could be a glorious Thursday for the rebels. The deaths of Royale, Awil, and Abdillahi let us break their necks before turning us into a ruined land. Where previous tribes are killing each other. Let a dignified civil revolution take place. However, I will die as I please. Let’s get down to this good fight for this just cause. Let this be Ali Aw Omar’s revenge.

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